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When wildfires burn, the smoke can travel long distances and degrade air quality far away, which presents risks for those breathing it.

Fires burning in one state can make air worse several states away, and wildfires in Canada can send smoke into U.S. cities.

Here鈥檚 what to know about taking precautions against poor air quality due to wildfires.

What counts as bad air?

The EPA’s Air Quality Index converts all pollutant levels into a single number. The lower the number, the better.

Anything below 50 is classified as 鈥渉ealthy.鈥� Fifty to 100 is 鈥渕oderate” while 100-150 is unhealthy for 鈥渟ensitive groups,鈥� and anything above 150 is bad for everyone.

Sensitive groups include people with asthma, lung disease or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, said Dr. Sanjay Sethi, chief of the division of pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine at the University of Buffalo’s medical school.

鈥淚f you have heart or lung problems, then you鈥檝e got to be definitely more careful,” Sethi said. “I would either avoid going outside or wear an N95 (mask) or at least a dust mask.鈥�

Is my air unhealthy?

Sometimes the air is bad enough to see or smell the smoke. Even if you don’t see the pollution, it can be unhealthy to breathe.

The EPA maintains a with up-to-date, regional air quality information. PurpleAir, a company that sells air quality sensors and publishes real-time air quality data, has a citizen scientist, air quality monitoring network with a more of street-by-street air quality readings.

The best way to get indoor air quality readings is to buy a monitor, said Joseph Allen, director of Harvard University’s Healthy Buildings Program.

鈥淵ou can find these low-cost, indoor air quality monitors just about everywhere online now. They don鈥檛 cost all that much anymore,鈥� he said.

What if I have to go outside?

For most people, going outside for just a short time won’t have a negative long-term impact, said Sethi.

Wearing an N95 mask, which became common during the coronavirus pandemic, will help filter out the pollution.

鈥淣95 is going to get rid of 90-95% of the particles,鈥� said Jennifer Stowell, a research scientist at Boston University鈥檚 Center for Climate and Health. 鈥淚f you have access to a mask that has a respirator-type attachment to it, then that鈥檚 the very best.鈥�

If you must be outside and you experience symptoms, experts say you should head indoors or somewhere else with better air quality. Even if you are healthy, it鈥檚 good to take precautions.

“If you start wheezing, which is like this whistling sound of the chest, or if you鈥檙e feeling short of breath, that鈥檚 definitely more concerning,鈥� Sethi said.

How do I make my air cleaner?

Close the windows and turn on the air conditioner, if you have one, setting it to circulate the indoor air. Use blankets to cover cracks that allow outside air into your home, such as under doors.

Finally, swapping the air conditioner’s filter for a MERV 13 filter can help, though you should make sure it’s installed correctly.

鈥淚f you happen to have access to an air purifier, even if it鈥檚 just a room air purifier, try to keep it running and in the room that you鈥檙e doing most of your activities in,鈥� said Stowell.

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The Associated Press鈥� climate and environmental coverage receives financial support from multiple private foundations. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP鈥檚 for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at .